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1.
Enferm. glob ; 19(58): 141-151, abr. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-195553

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: El objetivo general de esta investigación es medir la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en el colectivo profesional de trabajadoras sociales sanitarias que ejercen su actividad laboral en los diferentes servicios y centros del Servicio Público de Salud de Galicia (España). MÉTODO: Se ha planteado un diseño de enfoque cuantitativo-analítico y transversal, utilizando como instrumento principal el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory, versión Human Services Suvey. Dicho cuestionario mide tres dimensiones relacionadas con el burnout: Agotamiento emocional, Despersonalización y Realización personal. La recogida de datos se realizó a través de una aplicación de encuestas entre las trabajadoras sociales colegiadas en el Colegio Oficial de Trabajo Social de Galicia. RESULTADOS: El 86,2% de la población objeto de estudio son mujeres y un 13,8% hombres, y sus edades están comprendidas entre los 23 y los 63 años. Los datos de prevalencia del estudio arrojan unos resultados elevados, especialmente en la dimensión de Agotamiento Emocional donde más de la mitad de la población objeto de estudio presenta una puntuación considerada alta. CONCLUSIÓN: Al igual que otros colectivos profesionales que ejercen su actividad laboral en el sistema de salud, como es el caso de Enfermería y Medicina, las trabajadoras sociales sanitarias presentan índices elevados de burnout, siendo el Agotamiento Emocional la dimensión más afectada


OBJECTIVE: The general goal of this research is to measure the prevalence of the burnout syndrome in the professional group of social health workers who perform their work in the diverse services and centers of the Public Health Service of Galicia (Spain). METHOD: A quantitative-analytical and cross-sectional design was proposed, using as the main instrument the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Human Services Survey version. This inventory measures three dimensions related to burnout: Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Fulfillment. Data collection was carried out through a survey among the social workers registered in the Official Association of Social Work of Galicia. RESULTS: 86.2% of the population under study are women and 13.8% are men; their ages range between 23 and 63 years. The study prevalence data yields high scores, especially in the Emotional Exhaustion dimension, where more than half of the population under study obtained a high score. CONCLUSION: Like other professional groups that perform their work in the health system, as is the case of Nursing and Medicine, social health workers present high rates of burnout, with Emotional Exhaustion being the most affected dimension


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Social Work/trends , Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Health Services/trends , Workload/statistics & numerical data , Health Personnel/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Patient Health Questionnaire/statistics & numerical data
2.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31881707

ABSTRACT

A total of 852 adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age were evaluated (M = 14.86, SD = 1.67), randomly selected among a population of secondary school and Baccalaureate students. We applied an "ad hoc" questionnaire on sociodemographic data and the Self-Report of Reasons for the Practice of Physical Exercise (AMPEF) and Self-Report of Barriers to the Practice of Physical Exercise (ABPEF) questionnaires. The results obtained show a prevalence of competition, social recognition, and challenge as motivational factors, and fatigue or laziness as barriers to physical exercise among adolescents. With respect to gender, boys show a greater presence of motivations towards doing physical exercise, while girls show more barriers. In conclusion, the motivational factors and barriers interact and support each other for a better predisposition towards physical exercise.


Subject(s)
Adolescent Behavior , Exercise , Motivation , Schools , Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Sex Factors , Students , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 932019 10 03.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31576814

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Ischemic cardiomyopathy is a major public health concern in Spain. Death from ischemic disease accounts for approximately a third of all deaths due to cardiovascular disease, and imposes a serious burden on already overstretched public health system owing to the tendency to chronicity. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) in a sample of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris). METHODS: This study applied the Spanish version of Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (DAS). The sample consisted of 141 patients (61% men) with ischemic cardiomyopathy, mean agede 71.57 years (SD=5.76). A descriptive statistical analysis was performed, and factorial analysis of the principal components. RESULTS: The corrected element-total correlation was positive in all items, with values ranging from 0.32 and 0.54. Four factors jointly explained 51.85% of the data variance. The reliability coefficients were high in all of the variables analysed, with a total Cronbach Alpha of 0.77. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in this study revealed ischemic cardiomyopathy was susceptible to the process of death anxiety. This underscores the need for educating patients with this pathology to help them adapt to the process of chronicity, and to develop an understanding of the naturalization process of dying bearing in mind each person's multidimensionality.


OBJETIVO: En España, la cardiopatía isquémica es un problema importante de salud pública. Las muertes por enfermedad isquémica representan, aproximadamente, un tercio del total de muertes debidas a una enfermedad cardiovascular. En todo caso, comportan atenciones e intervenciones importantes en materia de salud, derivadas de su tendencia a la cronicidad. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) de Templer, en una muestra de pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica (infarto agudo de miocardio y angina de pecho). METODOS: En la presente investigación se utilizó la Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) de Templer, en la versión adaptada a sujetos españoles. Se empleó una muestra total constituida por 141 sujetos con cardiopatía isquémica y con una edad media de 71,57 años (DT=5,76), siendo el 61% de la muestra varones. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos, así como un análisis factorial de los componentes principales. RESULTADOS: La correlación elemento-total corregida fue positiva en todos los ítems, con valores entre el 0,32 y 0,54. Se identificaron cuatro factores que, en conjunto, explicaron un 51,85% de la varianza de los datos. Los cocientes de fiabilidad encontrados fueron elevados en todas las variables analizadas, obteniéndose un Alfa de Cronbach total de 0,77. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados obtenidos en nuestra investigación nos indican que la enfermedad de cardiopatía isquémica no es ajena al proceso de ansiedad ante la muerte. Está justificado, por tanto, promover una educación en pacientes con esta patología para la adaptación al proceso de cronicidad, así como para la naturalización del proceso final del ciclo vital, teniendo presente la multidimensionalidad de la persona.


Subject(s)
Anxiety/diagnosis , Attitude to Death , Cardiomyopathies/psychology , Myocardial Infarction/psychology , Psychometrics , Adult , Aged , Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis , Data Collection , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Principal Component Analysis , Public Health , Reproducibility of Results , Spain
4.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 932019 Aug 09.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31395851

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The voice in the academic context is a determining factor in the life of the teaching staff. The objective of this study was to evaluate the index vocal inability of in-service teachers and check your involvement the occupational conditions. METHODS: For it, a descriptive-inferential study is done of cross-section to 480 teachers (average age: 45.14 ± 9.22), applying the questionnaire of vocal disability index (HIV-30). Using descriptive statistical techniques (mean and standard deviation) and inferential techniques (ANOVA). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.23.0. RESULTS: When applying the Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30) evidenced that teachers present a moderate vocal disability (41.2 rating), with increased risk in physical ability and own vocal function. Moreover, it was found that gender, educational stage, teaching load, antique, daily and weekly hours, student ratio and level of noise in the classroom, significantly affect the disturbance of the voice. It also shows more presence of dysphonia in teachers who perceive a progressive worsening of her voice throughout the day or week, and is absent in the work due to disorders of the voice. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, teachers attributed their laryngeal discomfort mainly to factors of the teaching context.


OBJETIVO: La voz en el contexto académico es un factor determinante para el profesorado. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el índice de incapacidad vocal de los docentes en ejercicio y comprobar su afectación según sus condiciones personales y ocupacionales. METODOS: Para ello se realiza un estudió descriptivo-inferencial de corte transversal a 480 docentes (media de edad: 45,14 ± 9.22), aplicando el cuestionario de índice de incapacidad vocal (VHI-30). Se emplearon técnicas estadísticas descriptivas (media y desviación típica) e inferenciales (ANOVA). El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software SPSS v.23.0. RESULTADOS: Al aplicar el Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30) se evidencio que los docentes presentan una incapacidad vocal moderada (puntuación 41,2), con mayor riesgo en su capacidad física y la propia función vocal. Además, se encontró que el sexo, la etapa educativa, la carga docente, la antigüedad, las horas lectivas semanales y diarias, el ratio del alumnado y el nivel de ruido en el aula, repercuten significativamente en la perturbación de la voz. También se manifestó una mayor presencia de disfonía en los docentes que percibían un empeoramiento progresivo de su voz a lo largo del día o semana y se habían ausentado en el trabajo debido a afecciones de la voz. CONCLUSIONES: El profesorado atribuye sus molestias laríngeas fundamentalmente a factores del contexto docente.


Subject(s)
Dysphonia/diagnosis , Dysphonia/etiology , Teaching , Voice Disorders/diagnosis , Voice Disorders/etiology , Voice Quality , Adult , Faculty , Female , Humans , Larynx/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Spain , Students , Surveys and Questionnaires
5.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 93: 0-0, 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-189489

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: La voz en el contexto académico es un factor determinante para el profesorado. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el índice de incapacidad vocal de los docentes en ejercicio y comprobar su afectación según sus condiciones personales y ocupacionales. MÉTODOS: Para ello se realiza un estudió descriptivo-inferencial de corte transversal a 480 docentes (media de edad: 45,14 +/- 9.22), aplicando el cuestionario de índice de incapacidad vocal (VHI-30). Se emplearon técnicas estadísticas descriptivas (media y desviación típica) e inferenciales (ANOVA). El análisis estadístico se realizó con el software SPSS V.23.0. RESULTADOS: Al aplicar el Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30) se evidencio que los docentes presentan una incapacidad vocal moderada (puntuación 41,2), con mayor riesgo en su capacidad física y la propia función vocal. Además, se encontró que el sexo, la etapa educativa, la carga docente, la antigüedad, las horas lectivas semanales y diarias, el ratio del alumnado y el nivel de ruido en el aula, repercuten significativamente en la perturbación de la voz. También se manifestó una mayor presencia de disfonía en los docentes que percibían un empeoramiento progresivo de su voz a lo largo del día o semana y se habían ausentado en el trabajo debido a afecciones de la voz. CONCLUSIONES: El profesorado atribuye sus molestias laríngeas fundamentalmente a factores del contexto docente


OBJECTIVE: The voice in the academic context is a determining factor in the life of the teaching staff. The objective of this study was to evaluate the index vocal inability of in-service teachers and check your involvement the occupational conditions. METHODS: For it, a descriptive-inferential study is done of cross-section to 480 teachers (average age: 45.14 +/- 9.22), applying the questionnaire of vocal disability index (HIV-30). Using descriptive statistical techniques (mean and standard deviation) and inferential techniques (ANOVA). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V.23.0. RESULTS: When applying the Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30) evidenced that teachers present a moderate vocal disability (41.2 rating), with increased risk in physical ability and own vocal function. Moreover, it was found that gender, educational stage, teaching load, antique, daily and weekly hours, student ratio and level of noise in the classroom, significantly affect the disturbance of the voice. It also shows more presence of dysphonia in teachers who perceive a progressive worsening of her voice throughout the day or week, and is absent in the work due to disorders of the voice. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, teachers attributed their laryngeal discomfort mainly to factors of the teaching context


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Dysphonia/diagnosis , Dysphonia/etiology , Teaching , Voice Disorders/diagnosis , Voice Disorders/etiology , Voice Quality , Faculty , Larynx/physiopathology , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Students , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 93: 0-0, 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-189536

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: En España, la cardiopatía isquémica es un problema importante de salud pública. Las muertes por enfermedad isquémica representan, aproximadamente, un tercio del total de muertes debidas a una enfermedad cardiovascular. En todo caso, comportan atenciones e intervenciones importantes en materia de salud, derivadas de su tendencia a la cronicidad. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) de Templer, en una muestra de pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica (infarto agudo de miocardio y angina de pecho). MÉTODOS: En la presente investigación se utilizó la Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) de Templer, en la versión adaptada a sujetos españoles. Se empleó una muestra total constituida por 141 sujetos con cardiopatía isquémica y con una edad media de 71,57 años (DT=5,76), siendo el 61% de la muestra varones. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos, así como un análisis factorial de los componentes principales. RESULTADOS: La correlación elemento-total corregida fue positiva en todos los ítems, con valores entre el 0,32 y 0,54. Se identificaron cuatro factores que, en conjunto, explicaron un 51,85% de la varianza de los datos. Los cocientes de fiabilidad encontrados fueron elevados en todas las variables analizadas, obteniéndose un Alfa de Cronbach total de 0,77. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados obtenidos en nuestra investigación nos indican que la enfermedad de cardiopatía isquémica no es ajena al proceso de ansiedad ante la muerte. Está justificado, por tanto, promover una educación en pacientes con esta patología para la adaptación al proceso de cronicidad, así como para la naturalización del proceso final del ciclo vital, teniendo presente la multidimensionalidad de la persona


OBJECTIVE: Ischemic cardiomyopathy is a major public health concern in Spain. Death from ischemic disease accounts for approximately a third of all deaths due to cardiovascular disease, and imposes a serious burden on already overstretched public health system owing to the tendency to chronicity. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) in a sample of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris). METHODS: This study applied the Spanish version of Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (DAS). The sample consisted of 141 patients (61% men) with ischemic cardiomyopathy, mean agede 71.57 years (SD=5.76). A descriptive statistical analysis was performed, and factorial analysis of the principal components. RESULTS: The corrected element-total correlation was positive in all items, with values ranging from 0.32 and 0.54. Four factors jointly explained 51.85% of the data variance. The reliability coefficients were high in all of the variables analysed, with a total Cronbach Alpha of 0.77. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in this study revealed ischemic cardiomyopathy was susceptible to the process of death anxiety. This underscores the need for educating patients with this pathology to help them adapt to the process of chronicity, and to develop an understanding of the naturalization process of dying bearing in mind each person's multidimensionality


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Anxiety/diagnosis , Attitude to Death , Cardiomyopathies/psychology , Myocardial Infarction/psychology , Psychometrics , Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis , Data Collection , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Principal Component Analysis , Public Health , Reproducibility of Results
7.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 30(4): 395-400, nov. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-178694

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Research on school violence, which disserves the quality of the process of teaching and learning in schools, has increased in recent decades. The aims of this study were to identify the most prevalent types of school violence in Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) according to the opinion of students, and to analyse differences in gender, school year, and the academic performance of the student informants. METHOD: The CUVE3-CSE questionnaire was applied to 4,943 CSE students (average age: 14.04; SD: 1.38) who are studying at 33 public and private schools. RESULTS: showed the predominance of classroom disruption and student-to-student verbal violence, as well as differences in the level of perceived violence according to the variables analysed (gender, school year and academic performance). CONCLUSIONS: The study underscores the wide-ranging typology of violence at schools, and its everyday occurrence in classrooms, which highlight the need for improving our understanding in order to enhance the efficacy of prevention and intervention programs


ANTECEDENTES: en las últimas décadas se han incrementado las investigaciones sobre violencia escolar, la cual perjudica la calidad del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en los centros educativos. Esta investigación tiene como objetivos identificar los tipos de violencia escolar más habituales en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) y analizar las diferencias por género, curso escolar y rendimiento académico del alumnado respecto a los tipos de violencia. MÉTODO: se aplicó el cuestionario CUVE3-ESO a 4.943 estudiantes (media de edad: 14,04; DT: 1,38) que cursan ESO en 33 centros públicos y concertados. RESULTADOS: muestran un predominio de la disrupción en el aula y la violencia verbal entre el alumnado, así como diferencias en el nivel percibido de violencia en función de las variables analizadas (género, expediente académico y curso escolar). CONCLUSIONES: el estudio deja entrever cómo la violencia en contextos escolares presenta una tipología amplia y variada, ejercida de forma cotidiana en las aulas, por lo cual se debe seguir profundizando en su conocimiento para acrecentar la eficacia de las medidas de prevención e intervención


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Violence/classification , Schools , Self Report , Violence/psychology , Violence/statistics & numerical data
8.
Psicothema ; 30(4): 395-400, 2018 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30353840

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Research on school violence, which disserves the quality of the process of teaching and learning in schools, has increased in recent decades. The aims of this study were to identify the most prevalent types of school violence in Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) according to the opinion of students, and to analyse differences in gender, school year, and the academic performance of the student informants. METHOD: The CUVE3-CSE questionnaire was applied to 4,943 CSE students (average age: 14.04; SD: 1.38) who are studying at 33 public and private schools. RESULTS: showed the predominance of classroom disruption and student-to-student verbal violence, as well as differences in the level of perceived violence according to the variables analysed (gender, school year and academic performance). CONCLUSIONS: The study underscores the wide-ranging typology of violence at schools, and its everyday occurrence in classrooms, which highlight the need for improving our understanding in order to enhance the efficacy of prevention and intervention programs.


Subject(s)
Violence/classification , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Schools , Self Report , Violence/psychology , Violence/statistics & numerical data
9.
Acta colomb. psicol ; 20(2): 148-157, May-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886309

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of burnout and its three components (emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and lack of self-fulfilment) in the staff of juvenile facilities in Spain, and to analyze the predictive capacity of various epidemiological and occupational factors regarding the likelihood of suffering the aforementioned syndrome. For this end, a quantitative cross-sectional research was carried out with a sample of 160 professionals by means of an ad hoc questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The burnout results in juvenile facilities show an average impact of emotional exhaustion (40%) and self-fulfilment (41.2%) and a low depersonalisation (55.6%). Likewise, it is confirmed that the location and the age of the centre are significant sources of variation in emotional exhaustion, as well as gender is in depersonalisation, and profession in self-fulfilment. In conclusion, the greatest predisposition to suffer Burnout occurs in unmarried women aged between 34 and 43, with little work experience, permanent contract and working as social educators or social workers in alternate shifts (morning or afternoon) in urban centres.


Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência da síndrome de burnout e de seus três componentes (esgotamento emocional, despersonalização e falta de realização pessoal) no pessoal de alguns centros de menores na Espanha e analisar a capacidade preditiva de diversos fatores epidemiológicos e profissionais sobre a probabilidade de padecer dessa síndrome. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa de corte transversal numa amostra de 160 profissionais mediante a aplicação de um questionário elaborado ad hoc e do Maslach Burnout Inventory. Os resultados obtidos mostram uma incidência média em esgotamento emocional (40%) e realização pessoal (41,2%), e uma baixa despersonalização (55,6%) no burnout de profissionais de centros de menores. Além disso, confirma-se que a localização do centro e a antiguidade são fontes significativas de variação no esgotamento emocional, bem como o sexo na despersonalização, e a profissão na realização pessoal. Em conclusão, a maior pré-disposição a sofrer burnout é produzida em mulheres solteiras, com idade entre 34 e 43 anos, com pouca experiência profissional, contrato fixo e que trabalham como educadoras ou trabalhadoras sociais em períodos alternados (manhã ou tarde) dos centros localizados em centros urbanos.


Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout y de sus tres componentes (agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal) en el personal de algunos centros de menores en España y analizar la capacidad predictiva de diversos factores epidemiológicos y laborales sobre la probabilidad de padecer dicho síndrome. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una investigación cuantitativa de corte transversal en una muestra de 160 profesionales mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc y el Maslach Burnout Inventory. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una incidencia media en agotamiento emocional (40 %) y realización personal (41.2 %), y una baja despersonalización (55.6 %) en el burnout de profesionales de centros de menores. Asimismo, se confirma que la ubicación del centro y la antigüedad son fuentes significativas de variación en el agotamiento emocional, así como el sexo en la despersonalización, y la profesión en la realización personal. En conclusión, la mayor predisposición a sufrir burnout se produce en mujeres solteras y con edades entre los 34 y 43 años, con poca experiencia laboral, contrato fijo, y que trabajan como educadoras o trabajadoras sociales en turnos alternos (mañana o tarde) de los centros ubicados en cascos urbanos.


Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional , Occupational Stress
10.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 26(2): 270-286, 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-680123

ABSTRACT

El presente artículo muestra el proceso seguido para diseñar e identificar las propiedades psicométricas de un cuestionario para evaluar la atención a la diversidad en centros educativos de primaria (CUADIVER), construido a partir de una metodología mixta. La primera fase de corte cualitativo (grupos focales) revela en su discurso (Aquad 5.0) un predominio de aspectos desfavorables (63.8%) frente a los favorables (36.2%) en la atención al alumnado diverso. En la fase cuantitativa, participaron 140 jefes de los departamentos de orientación de educación primaria, lo que representa un 61,14% de la población total (N = 229). Para su fiabilidad se calculó el Alfa de Cronbach obteniendo un índice muy aceptable .92 y el Método de las dos Mitades que presenta una correlación de .91 (ítems pares) y .82 (ítems impares). La solución factorial reprodujo la distribución de los ítems del cuestionario en el marco teórico, práctico y valorativo. Los resultados legitiman el CUADIVER como un instrumento de prestaciones psicométricas muy satisfactorias, que unido a sus propiedades de comprensibilidad y aceptación, lo convierten en una herramienta eficaz en la exploración y valoración de la atención a la diversidad en los centros educativos...


This article shows the process taken to design and identify the psychometric properties of a questionnaire (CUADIVER) developed from a mixed methodology to evaluate the situation of the attention given to diversity in primary education centers. In the first phase of the qualitative research the focal group shows us in its speech (Aquad 5.0) the predominance of unfavorable aspects (63.8%) against favorable ones (36.2%) in the attention given to diverse students. In the quantitative phase, 140 heads of orientation departments of primary education participated in the study, representing 61.14% of the total population (N = 229). Cronbach Alpha was calculated for its reliability obtaining a very acceptable index (.92). The Method of Two Halves was also applied and presented a correlation of .91 (even items) and .82 (odd items). The factorial solution reproduced the distribution of the items in theoretical, practical and assessment frameworks. The results legitimize CUADIVER as an instrument of very satisfactory psychometric benefits that joined to its properties of understandability and acceptance turns it into an effective tool in the development and assessment of attention given to diversity in education centers and schools...


Subject(s)
Humans , Child Rearing , Surveys and Questionnaires , Education, Primary and Secondary , Psychometrics
11.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 26(2): 270-286, 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-60585

ABSTRACT

El presente artículo muestra el proceso seguido para diseñar e identificar las propiedades psicométricas de un cuestionario para evaluar la atención a la diversidad en centros educativos de primaria (CUADIVER), construido a partir de una metodología mixta. La primera fase de corte cualitativo (grupos focales) revela en su discurso (Aquad 5.0) un predominio de aspectos desfavorables (63.8%) frente a los favorables (36.2%) en la atención al alumnado diverso. En la fase cuantitativa, participaron 140 jefes de los departamentos de orientación de educación primaria, lo que representa un 61,14% de la población total (N = 229). Para su fiabilidad se calculó el Alfa de Cronbach obteniendo un índice muy aceptable .92 y el Método de las dos Mitades que presenta una correlación de .91 (ítems pares) y .82 (ítems impares). La solución factorial reprodujo la distribución de los ítems del cuestionario en el marco teórico, práctico y valorativo. Los resultados legitiman el CUADIVER como un instrumento de prestaciones psicométricas muy satisfactorias, que unido a sus propiedades de comprensibilidad y aceptación, lo convierten en una herramienta eficaz en la exploración y valoración de la atención a la diversidad en los centros educativos.(AU)


This article shows the process taken to design and identify the psychometric properties of a questionnaire (CUADIVER) developed from a mixed methodology to evaluate the situation of the attention given to diversity in primary education centers. In the first phase of the qualitative research the focal group shows us in its speech (Aquad 5.0) the predominance of unfavorable aspects (63.8%) against favorable ones (36.2%) in the attention given to diverse students. In the quantitative phase, 140 heads of orientation departments of primary education participated in the study, representing 61.14% of the total population (N = 229). Cronbach Alpha was calculated for its reliability obtaining a very acceptable index (.92). The Method of Two Halves was also applied and presented a correlation of .91 (even items) and .82 (odd items). The factorial solution reproduced the distribution of the items in theoretical, practical and assessment frameworks. The results legitimize CUADIVER as an instrument of very satisfactory psychometric benefits that joined to its properties of understandability and acceptance turns it into an effective tool in the development and assessment of attention given to diversity in education centers and schools.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Surveys and Questionnaires , Child Rearing , Psychometrics , Education, Primary and Secondary
12.
Percept Mot Skills ; 109(2): 401-6, 2009 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20037994

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to evaluate the frequency of violent behaviors in educational centers, according to self-report of the teaching staff. To that end, a questionnaire about school violence was administered to a sample of 616 teachers working in primary and secondary schools in Galicia, Spain. Disruptive and antisocial behaviors in the student population were reported to affect the teaching effort negatively. The compiled data indicate verbal aggression is the most common form of violence used by the student population and reveal the dissatisfaction of teaching staff not prepared for this challenge. Teachers felt the need to devise new effective responses to promote concord in educational communities.


Subject(s)
Faculty , Schools , Violence , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Safety , Social Behavior , Social Environment , Spain , Students , Surveys and Questionnaires , Workplace
13.
An. psicol ; 25(1): 44-51, ene.-jun. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-61499

ABSTRACT

En esta investigación se realiza un estudio de los síntomas de malestar psicológico de 20 internos varones penados de la Prisión de Pereiro de Aguiar (Ourense) que cumplían condena por delitos contra la libertad sexual, con un rango de edad que oscilaba entre los 22 y 61 años. Se formaron dos subgrupos en función del tipo de delito cometido con objeto de comparar sus perfiles psicopatológicos: los que cumplían condena por delitos sexuales contra víctimas adultas y los penados por delitos sexuales contra menores. A todos los internos se les aplicó la Entrevista Clínica y el Registro, el Listado de Síntomas (SCL-90-R), el Inventario de Manifestación Ira-Rasgo-Estado (STAXI), la Escala de Impulsividad (BIS-II) y la Escala de Autoestima, obteniendo el perfil sociodemográfico, penal y psicopatológico en el que, además de hallar las puntuaciones globales del grupo de delincuentes sexuales en general, se compararon las puntuaciones de los dos subgrupo. Los resultados indican que los delincuentes sexuales de mujeres adultas presentan más síntomas de hostilidad, mientras que en los abusadores de menores se detectan más síntomas de ansiedad fóbica con un nivel de gravedad significativo(AU)


In this investigation a study of the symptoms of psychological malaise of 20 internal punished men of the Prison of Pereiro de Aguiar (Ourense) who fulfilled sentence by crimes against the sexual freedom, with an age rank that oscillated between the 22 and 61 years old. Two sub-groups in function of the type of crime committed with object formed to compare their psychopathological profiles: those that fulfilled sentence by sexual crimes against adult victims and the suffered ones by sexual crimes against minors. To all the internal ones it was applied to the Clinical Interview and the Registry to them, the Listing of Symptoms (SCL-90-R), the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), the Scale of Impul-sividad (BIS-II) and the Scale of Self-esteem, obtaining the sociodemo-graphical, penal and psychopathological profile in which, besides to find the global scores of the group of sexual delinquents in general, the scores of sub-group were compared both. The results indicate that the sexual delinquents of adult women present/display more symptoms of hostility, whereas in the child abusers more symptoms of phobic anxiety with a significant level of gravity are detected(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Sex Offenses/psychology , Prisoners/psychology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data , Child Abuse, Sexual/psychology , Pedophilia/psychology , Rape/psychology , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Status Schedule
14.
Psicothema ; 20(4): 958-63, 2008 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18940110

ABSTRACT

AIDS patients and HIV carriers who are aware of their condition are under multiple kinds of stress with adverse effects on their emotional state and personal and social activity. This paper reports the psychometric properties of the DAS (Death Anxiety Scale) using the Spanish version in the clinical setting. The sample is made up of 148 HIV/AIDS patients (109 men and 39 women). The internal consistency of the scale was .72 and its test-retest reliability was .70. Principal components analysis extracted five factors that jointly accounted for 56.5% of the total variance. As, on the whole, these results are very similar to those reported by other authors, it is concluded that the Spanish DAS is a valid instrument for the assessment of death anxiety in Spanish HIV/AIDS patients.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology , Anxiety , Attitude to Death , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Psychometrics/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adult , Anxiety/diagnosis , Anxiety/epidemiology , Anxiety/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
15.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 20(4): 958-963, 2008. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68866

ABSTRACT

Ser portador de VIH o enfermo de SIDA son situaciones que generan un conjunto multifacético de estresores con un impacto adverso sobre el funcionamiento personal, social y el estado emocional de los mismos. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo primordial el exponer las propiedades psicométricas de la DAS (Death Anxiety Scale) utilizando la versión española en el ámbito clínico. La muestra está compuesta por 148 pacientes con VIH/SIDA (109 hombres y 39 mujeres). Los resultados obtenidos nos ponen de manifiesto que los ítems eran significativamente homogéneos. La consistencia interna es de .72 y la estabilidad temporal tes-retest de .70. Del análisis factorial, por el método de componentes principales, se extrajeron un total de cinco factores que explican el 56,50% de la varianza de los datos. En general, los resultados son coherentes y considerablemente similares, con sus excepciones, a los obtenidos por otros autores, por lo que apoyan su utilización como instrumento válido de evaluación de la ansiedad ante la muerte en este colectivo


Patients and HIV carriers who are aware of their condition are under multiple kinds of stress with adverse effects on their emotional state and personal and social activity. This paper reports the psychometric properties of the DAS (Death Anxiety Scale) using the Spanish version in the clinical setting. The sample is made up of 148 HIV/AIDS patients (109 men and 39 women). The internal consistency of the scale was .72 and its test-retest reliability was .70. Principal components analysis extracted five factors that jointly accounted for 56.5% of the total variance. As, on the whole, these results are very similar to those reported by other authors, it is concluded that the Spanish DAS is a valid instrument for the assessment of death anxiety in Spanish HIV/AIDS patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Attitude to Death , HIV Infections/psychology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Manifest Anxiety Scale
16.
Psychol Rep ; 100(3 Pt 1): 783-6, 2007 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17688094

ABSTRACT

Evaluating appreciation of measures attending to pupil diversity (EMAD) is a scale for evaluating the understanding of measures describing pupils' cultural and diversity needs among the staff responsible for such measures in Spanish primary schools. Its 9 Likert-scale items correspond to the various types of action in this area that are currently being promoted in Spain. The principal objective of this study was to assess the scale's factor structure and internal consistency, to which end the scale was completed by the heads of the Departments of Orientation of 140 Spanish primary schools. Corrected item-total correlations and Cronbach alpha (.91) indicated adequate scale homogeneity. Principal components analysis followed by varimax rotation indicated two factors jointly accounting for 71.4% of total variance, one associated with actions involving modification of syllabuses, and the other with actions not requiring such changes. Cronbach alphas were .89 and .79 for the two factors.


Subject(s)
Attitude/ethnology , Cultural Diversity , Students , Adult , Female , Health Services Needs and Demand , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires
17.
Percept Mot Skills ; 100(3 Pt 1): 676-80, 2005 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16060426

ABSTRACT

The internal consistency, test-retest reliability and factor structure of the Castilian Spanish version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were studied with a sample of 1930 Spanish adolescents (M age=15.9 yr., SD=2.1). Cronbach alpha for the whole sample was .85 (.81 for boys, .87 for girls). Test-retest reliability was also satisfactory: r=.75 for boys, .81 for girls, .79 for the whole sample. After applying principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation, two factors were identified that jointly accounted for 46.8% of the total variance, Anxiety and Social Dysfunction. The results suggest that the GHQ-12 items is a questionnaire with some satisfactory psychometric properties.


Subject(s)
Health Status , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Adolescent , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Principal Component Analysis , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Spain/epidemiology , Translations
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